All five cases are being investigated by the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA), which has confirmed they are linked.
It added that it had found a match for the outbreak strain in two mousses made by Cool Delight Desserts. The threshold of listeria found in the chocolate and vanilla and strawberry and vanilla desserts is known to be below the legal threshold of what healthy people can tolerate.
But a product recall for the mousses as well as all ice cream, ice-cream rolls and yoghurts made by the firm has been issued because they are supplied to hospitals and care homes.
The alert by the Food Standards Agency (FSA) states: "These products must all be withdrawn from service and placed in quarantine while investigations are ongoing."
The mousses have not been confirmed as the source of the infections. Cool Delight Desserts say they are unable to comment at this stage.
The five people struck down were aged 68 to 89, had underlying health conditions and were in hospital when they were infected between May and December last year.
Two were in Yorkshire and Humber, one was in the North West, another in the West Midlands and one in Wales. One of those who died had their death attributed to listeria. The others were infected with listeria at the time of their death.
The outbreak was discovered...